All three are true whole-genome sequencing β they read your entire genome, not a fixed chip of ~650K sites like an array. The "x" is depth: how many times, on average, each position in your genome gets read. More depth = more confidence, especially on rare variants.
3x β reads your whole genome lightly. Confident on the common-variant layer that powers your identity, polygenic scores, ancestry, and trait insights β and already far beyond any array. It can see rarer variants but not yet call them with clinical confidence. A real entry into whole-genome.
30x β the clinical-grade standard. Enough depth to confidently call rare and pathogenic variants: carrier status, actionable ClinVar findings, full pharmacogenomics. This is "your real genome" with no imputation caveats β the sweet spot for almost everyone.
100x β research-grade, maximum confidence. Diminishing returns for everyday genomics, but it pulls ahead on the hardest cases: low-frequency and mosaic variants, structural variation, and difficult-to-read regions. The deepest, most future-proof read.
Whichever depth you choose, it converts into the same .genome bundle β same format, same tools. The difference is how much of your genome answers with confidence: 3x lights up your identity and trait layer; 30x adds the full clinical and pharmacogenomic layer; 100x maxes out certainty on the rarest signals.